Иностранный язык (английский)

электронный учебно-методический комплекс

 

ТЕМА 8. Интерпол

 

Unit 8

                   

Interpol

 

   

Interpol

Interpol became necessary mainly because of the need both for a united front for combating transnational crime and for the exchange of ideas and methods between the police forces of the world.

In 1923 a number of police officials met in Vienna to establish the basis of international police cooperation. A scheme was approved by 130 delegates from about 20 countries. The International Criminal Police Commission with headquarters in Vienna (Austria) came into being. Therefore, the 7th of September 1923 became the birthday of this commission. It worked satisfactorily until the beginning of the Second World War.

Meeting again in Vienna in 1956 the organization decided to adopt a new Constitution. It comprised fifty articles. Under it the International Criminal Police Commission was renamed “The International Criminal Police Organization or Interpol”.

Now Interpol consists of over 190 members. It is the world's largest international police organization. The headquarters of Interpol is situated in Lyon (France). The official languages of Interpol are Arabic, English, French and Spanish.

According to Article 5 of its Constitution there are some bodies in this organization. They are the General Assembly; the Executive Committee, headed by the President; the General Secretariat and National Central Bureaus.

The General Assembly is the highest plenary body of Interpol. Each country-participant sends a delegation to the Assembly, which may be represented by one or several delegates who are typically chiefs of police and senior ministry officials. Each delegation has only one vote. All the decisions are made by a simple majority of votes. But if the questions of amending or creating some articles of the Constitution are discussed, it is necessary two-thirds of all votes. The General Assembly formulates a comprehensive policy covering all major issues of police cooperation, it deals with the matters of admitting new members, adopting new plans for a year, appointing to the offices, solving financial problems and so on. The General Assembly also provides an important opportunity for countries to communicate and share experiences. It meets once a year and each session lasts around four days.

The Executive Committee is an administrative body. According to the Constitution, it sees to it that the General Assembly’s recommendations be observed; it controls the General Secretariat’s activities. The Committee is composed of the President elected for four years, three vice-presidents and nine delegates who are elected for 3 years and represent different countries of Europe, Asia, Africa and America. The Executive Committee meets three times a year and makes its decisions by a simple majority of votes.

The General Secretariat is a work agency. The General Secretariat coordinates Interpol’s day-to-day activities to support member countries in their international policing. The General Secretariat operates 24 hours a day, 365 days a week. It is the international centre for combating crime and a specialized information centre. Run by the Secretary General, it is staffed by both police and civilians and comprises a headquarters in Lyon, a global complex for innovation in Singapore and several offices in different regions. The Secretary General is appointed by the General Assembly on the Executive Committee’s advice for a five-year term. The Secretary General is responsible for every day decision-making and for policing activities, expertise, databases and services that Interpol provides to its member countries to support them in the fight against international crime.

National Central Bureaus (NCBs) are work bodies, which exist in every co-participant country to maintain relations with the General Secretariat and other similar bureaus in different countries. They render mutual assistance to each other when disclosing international crimes. Every NCB is run by national police officials and is usually situated in the government ministry responsible for policing.

To exchange the information quickly Interpol has colour-coded notices. Notices are international requests for cooperation or alerts which help police in member-countries to share crime-related information. They are published by the General Secretariat at the request of a NCB and are sent to all member states.

Under the Constitution the general aims of Interpol are:

to ensure and promote mutual assistance within the limits of the laws existing in different countries;

in the spirit of “The Universal Declaration of Human Rights” to contribute effectively to crime prevention and suppression.

 

A

 

Exercise 1. Give the English for:

    бороться с международной преступностью, обмен идеями и методами, международное сотрудничество, штаб-квартира, принимать устав, статья устава, Международная организация уголовной полиции, Национальное центральное бюро, высший совещательный орган, простое большинство голосов, высшие должностные лица полиции, формулировать всестороннюю политику, назначать на должность, действительный руководитель, соблюдать рекомендации, согласовывать, специализированный информационный центр, страна-участница, оказывать необходимую помощь, раскрытие преступлений, предупреждение преступлений.

 

Exercise 2. Match English and Russian equivalents:

1) headquarters

а) всесторонняя политика

2) to appoint to an office

б) подавлять преступность

3) to render the assistance

в) бороться с преступностью

4) to disclose a crime

г) способствовать

5) mutual assistance

д) совещательный орган

6) to contribute (to)

е) штаб-квартира

7) to combat crime

ж) назначать на должность

8) to suppress crime

з) раскрывать пеступление

9) a comprehensive policy

и) взаимопомощь

10) a plenary body

к) оказывать помощь

 

Exercise 3. Complete the sentences:

1) Interpol became necessary because of the need for… 2) Interpol was created in… 3) The Constitution of Interpol was adopted in… 4) The official languages of Interpol are … 5) The headquarters of Interpol is situated in… 6) There are some bodies in Interpol:… 7) The General Assembly consists of… 8) The General Assembly formulates… 9) The Executive Committee consists of … 10) The Executive Committee sees to it that…           11) The General Secretariat is… 12) The body which exists in every co-participant country is… 13) National Central Bureaus are responsible for… 14) The general aims of Interpol are…

 

Exercise 4. Agree or disagree:

1) Interpol is a regional organization. 2) It was founded in 1909. 3) Interpol consists of about 190 members. 4) The highest plenary body of Interpol is the General Secretariat. 5) The principal task of Interpol is to detect international criminals. 6) A National Central Bureau is a body which exists in every country-participant. 7) The official languages of Interpol are Arabic, German, English and French. 8) Today the headquarters of Interpol is situated in Vienna.

 

Exercise 5. Answer the questions:

1) Why did a number of police officials meet in Vienna in 1923?

2) The International Criminal Police Commission with headquarters in Vienna came into being in 1923, didn’t it?

3) What are the official languages of Interpol?

4) What are the main bodies of Interpol?

5) What is the highest plenary body of Interpol?

6) What are the main duties of the General Assembly?

7) What are the Executive Committee’s functions?

8) What body of Interpol is the international centre for combating crime?

9) What are the functions of National Central Bureaus?

10) What are the main aims of Interpol?

 

B

 

 

Exercise 1.  Change the sentences according to the model. Translate them into Russian:

Model: The General Assembly has just adopted the plan for the year. – The plan for the year has just been adopted by the General Assembly.

 

1) The organization has used its telegraphic address “Interpol” since 1956.

2) The General Secretariat has just sent the red notice to the member countries.

3) This year Interpol has strengthened its ties with some international organizations.

4) Police have arrested 2 persons wanted by Interpol this week.

5) Interpol has improved relations and efficiency of law enforcement around the world since its creation.

 

Exercise 2. Change the sentences according to the model. Translate them into Russian:

Model: The General Assembly had adopted the plan for the year, before the delegation of our country left the session. – The plan for the year had been adopted by the General Assembly, before the delegation of our country left the session.

 

1) The criminal had committed 5 robberies by the time he was arrested.

2) The police had arrested the criminal by 10 p.m. yesterday.

3) Interpol had designed its distinctive signs (the flag and the emblem) before its Constitution was adopted.

4) Interpol had admitted more than 190 members by 2021.

 

Exercise 3. Change the sentences according to the model. Translate them into Russian:

Model: The General Assembly will have adopted the plan for the year by the end of the session. – The plan for the year will have been adopted by the General Assembly by the end of the session.

 

1) Interpol will have given technical assistance to its member country in investigation of the terrorist act by the end of the week.

2) The police will have interrogated the suspect before the representatives of Interpol come to the police station.

3) Interpol will have issued photographs of the wanted persons by the end of the day.

4) Interpol will have introduced new technologies in its work by 2030.

 

Exercise 4. Open the brackets. Use Perfect Tenses. Translate the sentences into Russian:

1) In recent years technological advances (to make) in some areas of criminalistics.

2) A dangerous criminal (to escape), so Interpol issued the usual photographs: left profile, front view, and right profile.

3)  Many crimes (to solve) by the end of the year.

4) The suspect (to consult) his lawyer before he spoke to the police.

5) Organized crime (to exist) in different forms since ancient times.

6) The policeman (to give) the first aid to a victim by the time the ambulance came.

 

 

С

 

Exercise 1. Read and translate the text:

Interpol. General Information.

 

    Interpol exists to help create a safer world. Its aim is to provide a unique range of essential services for the law enforcement community to optimize the international effort to combat crime.

    Interpol provides three core services:

  • a unique global police communication system;

  • a range of criminal databases and analytical services;

  • proactive support for police operations throughout the world.

    To be the world’s pre-eminent police organization in support of all organizations, authorities and services whose mission is preventing, detecting, and suppressing crime.

    Interpol will achieve this by:

  • Providing both a global perspective and a regional focus;

  • Exchanging information that is timely, accurate, relevant and complete;

  • Facilitating international co-operation;

  • Coordinating joint operational activities of its member countries;

  • Making available know-how, expertise and good practice.

    Interpol will act on the basis of the articulated demands and expectations of these organizations, authorities and services, while remaining alert to developments so as to be able to anticipate future requirements.

 

Exercise 2. Read and translate the text:

The President and the Secretary General

 

    The President of the Organization is elected by the General Assembly for a period of four years. Article 18 of the Constitution requires that the President:

  • preside at meetings of the General Assembly and the Executive Committee and direct the discussions;

  • ensure that the activities of the Organization are in accordance with the decisions of the General Assembly and the Executive Committee;

  • maintain, as far as possible, direct and constant contact with the Secretary General of the Organization.

    The General Secretariat is headed by the Secretary General of the Organization, who is appointed by the General Assembly for a period of 5 years. He may be reelected.

    The Secretary General is effectively the Organization’s chief full-time official. He is responsible for seeing that the day-to-day work of international police cooperation is carried out, and the implementation of the decisions of the General Assembly and Executive Committee.

 

 Exercise 3. Read and translate the text:

Interpol and the United Nations

 

    Interpol has long cooperated with the United Nations in law enforcement matters, a relationship that was formalized by the signing of a co-operation agreement between the two organizations in October 1996.

    The cooperation agreement grants the two organizations observer status in sessions of their respective general assemblies. The agreement outlines further areas in which the two organizations could coordinate their efforts:

  • responding to the needs of the international community in fighting crime;

  • assisting states in their efforts to combat organized crime;

  • co-operating in the implementation of the mandates of international judicial bodies;

  • carrying out joint investigations and other police-related matters in the context of peace-keeping;

  • establishing joint databases related to penal law.

    The Interpol office at the UN embodies the spirit of the original co-operation agreement, and will focus on:

  • liaison between Interpol and the United Nations by establishing, maintaining, developing and promoting contact networks between the general secretariats of the two organizations, their dependent bodies and their officials;

  • raising UN awareness of Interpol's functions and services by facilitating and enhancing the exchange of information between the two parties;

  • identifying opportunities for collaboration based on extensive knowledge of the activities and developments of the two organizations;

  • acting as the senior advisor to the Interpol Secretary General regarding all matters or developments having, or that may have, a UN impact.

 

Exercise 4. Read and retell the text:

Structure of Interpol

    Article 5 of the Constitution stipulates that “The International Criminal Police Organization – Interpol shall comprise: the General Assembly, the Executive Committee, the General Secretariat, the National Central Bureaus [and] the Advisers.”

    The General Assembly is the organization's supreme governing body, composed of delegates appointed by each member country. It meets once a year and takes all important decisions related to policy, resources, working methods, finances, activities and programs.

    The Executive Committee is elected by the General Assembly. There are 13 members (the President, three Vice-Presidents and nine delegates) representing the different Interpol regions [1].

    The General Secretariat is represented by the Secretary General and a technical and administrative staff entrusted with the work of the Organization.

National Central Bureaus (NCBs) are Interpol offices or points of contact which are the key links between national law enforcement and Interpol services provided and maintained by each member state.

    Advisers are experts in a purely advisory capacity, who may be appointed by the Executive Committee and confirmed by the General Assembly. 

 

([1] For administrative purposes, Interpol groups its member countries into four regions: Africa, Asia, the Americas and Europe. On an operational basis, countries are arranged into a number of zones, geographically and linguistically, to facilitate communication.)

 

Exercise 5. Read and retell the text:

The Executive Committee

 

    The Executive Committee is Interpol’s select deliberative organ, which meets three times a year, usually in March, July and immediately before the General Assembly.

    Its role, in accordance with Article 22 of the Constitution, is to supervise the execution of the decisions of the General Assembly, prepare the agenda for sessions of the General Assembly, submit to the General Assembly any program of work or project which it considers useful, supervise the administration and work of the Secretary General.

    In accordance with Article 15 of the Constitution, the Executive Committee has 13 members comprising the President of the organization, 3 Vice-Presidents and 9 delegates. These members are elected by the General Assembly and should belong to different countries; in addition, the President and the 3 Vice-Presidents must come from different regions.

    The President is elected for 4 years, and Vice-Presidents for 3. They are not immediately eligible for reelection either to the same posts, or as delegates to the Executive Committee.

    Voting is by secret ballot. A two-thirds majority is required for the election of the president. If this majority is not obtained after the second ballot, a simple majority is then sufficient. Vice-Presidents and delegates are elected by a simple majority.

 

Exercise 6. Read and retell the text:

Interpol's Distinctive Signs

 

The official name is “ICPO-Interpol”.

    The word 'Interpol' is a contraction of “international police”, and was chosen in 1946 as the telegraphic address.

    In 1956, the International Criminal Police Commission changed its name to become the International Criminal Police Organization – Interpol.

The emblem

    The emblem, in use since 1950, comprises the following elements:
  • a representation of the globe, to indicate that Interpol's activities are worldwide
  • olive branches either side of the globe to symbolize peace
  • the name 'INTERPOL' below the globe in the centre of the olive branches
  • a vertical sword behind the globe, representing police action
  • the abbreviations 'OIPC' and 'ICPO' above the globe either side of the sword
  • the scales below the olive branches symbolize justice.

The flag

 The flag has been in use since 1950:

  • it has a light-blue background
  • the emblem is in the centre
  • the four lightning flashes arranged symmetrically around the emblem represent telecommunications and speed in police action.

 


 

D

 

Interpol

1)

transnational

транснациональный, международный

2)

cooperation

сотрудничество

3)

exchange

обмен

4)

to exchange

обмениваться

5)

a delegate

делегат

6)

a delegation

делегация

7)

headquarters

штаб-квартира

8)

to come into being

возникать

9)

the International Criminal Police Commission

Международная комиссия уголовной полиции

10)

the International Criminal Police Organization

Международная организация уголовной полиции

11)

to comprise

включать в себя

12)

the General Assembly

Генеральная Ассамблея

13)

the Executive Committee

Исполнительный комитет

14)

the General Secretariat

Генеральный секретариат

15)

a National Central Bureau

Национальное центральное бюро

16)

a plenary body

совещательный орган

17)

a country-participant (a co-participant country)

принимать решение

18)

to make a decision

всесторонняя политика

19)

comprehensive

всесторонний

20)

to admit new members

принимать новых членов

21)

an opportunity

возможность

22)

to communicate

общаться

23)

to share (experiences, information)

делиться (опытом, информацией)

24)

to coordinate

координировать, согласовывать

25)

day-to-day

ежедневный

26)

 to support

оказывать поддержку, помощь

27)

to run

управлять

28)

to staff

укомплектовывать персоналом, личным составом

29)

 a civilian

гражданское лицо

30)  

 an innovation

нововведение, новаторская разработка

31) expertise экспертные знания; экспертная оценка (анализ)
32) a database база данных
33) to exist существовать
34) to maintain relations поддерживать отношения
35) to disclose a crime раскрывать преступление
36) a notice уведомление
37) a request запрос
38)..... an alert предостережение
39) to render assistance оказывать помощь
40) mutual assistance взаимопомощь

 

 


 

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